掌上农资系统的设计与实现

本文针对我国传统农业信息不对称的现状,设计了一款结合Android开发技术、Bmob后端技术、LBS(基于位置服务)和O2O(在线离线/线上到线下)商业模式的面向三农、服务三农的移动农资系统。该系统以移动电商网络为平台,整合农资企业资源、传统经销商资源与政府资源,实现企业、经销商、消费者“三赢”。本文主要介绍该系统的基本功能模块、移动电商功能模块、信息服务模块的设计实现。     

广西农村饮水安全工程运行管理现状分析及建议

通过对广西已建农村人饮安全工程运行管理现状的调查,肯定其成效,指出存在的问题,分析其原闲,提出了加强农村饮水安全工程运行管理应遵循的原则及建议。     

农村中学信息技术课的教学策略

远程教育工程的实施使计算机进入了农村中小学,但在农村中学信息技术的实际课堂教学中还存在着许多问题,笔者从转变观念,提高信息素养;情境引路,激发学生兴趣;改革教学方法,丰富课堂内容;重视小组合作,提高教学效果四个方面分析如何更好地在农村中学开设好信息技术课。     

加强基层卫生网络建设促进合作医疗健康发展

由中共中央、国务院下发的加强农村卫生工作的决定,明确指出了新型合作医疗制度是由政府组织、引导、支持,农民自愿参加,个人、集体和政府多方筹资,以大病统筹为主的农民医疗互助共济制度,而计算机网络建设的好坏将直接决定这一制度的成败。这一系统应以国家农村合作医疗制度为依据,同时又要结合2005年5月最新的卫生部《新型农村合作医疗信息管理系统规范》,并结合本地新型农村合作医疗特点,开发出一套适合当地实际情况的计算机网络。     

Estimating rural households' willingness to pay for water supply improvements: a Benin case study using a semi-nonparametric bivariate probit approach

This paper estimates households' willingness to pay (WTP) to improve rural water supply in Benin. Particular attention is given to the distribution of WTP, which is traditionally addressed using parametric assumptions. To avoid distributional assumptions, a semi-nonparametric bivariate probit approach is introduced. Results provide the first evidence that, in rural Benin, households wanting to improve water supply are willing to pay more than the current price. WTP for water supply is determined by wealth, education, and characteristics of existing and new water systems. Results indicate that a demand-driven management approach can contribute to water supply improvements and sustainability.     

西部地区“电信村通工程”发展对策研究

当前,以村通电话为普遍服务重要指标,西部地区仍然存在明显的差距,特别是在边远地区和人口稀疏的地区。本文认为制约西部地区“电信村通工程”发展的主要原因有三个:未通村的地理人口分布特点、西部农村通信的需求特点以及村通工程的成本问题;最后从政策和技术上为西部地区“电信村通工程”的进一步发展提供了建议。     

Health and social impacts of improved stoves on rural women: a pilot intervention in Sindh, Pakistan

To assess the acceptability, social and health impacts of improved stoves among women. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2002 among households using improved stoves in the two villages of District Thatta and Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. A questionnaire was administered to 45 women using improved stoves named Smoke Free Stoves (SFS). The same questionnaire was administered to a sample of 114 women, using Traditional Stoves (TS). Carbon monoxide (CO) levels were measured in a sample of both groups. Multivariate analysis was carried out to adjust for confounders. In addition, focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted to evaluate the perception of women regarding acceptability and impact of SFS on women. A majority of women reported that SFS produce less smoke and have a beneficial impact on their health. In the multivariate analysis, symptoms of dry cough (AOR=0.61; 95% CI 0.26-1.41), sneezing (AOR=0.54; 95% CI 0.22-1.30) and tears while cooking (TWC) (AOR=0.51; 95% CI 0.21-1.21) are less likely to occur in women using SFS compared to TS. However, the results were not statistically significant possibly due to the small sample. The mean (+/-s.e.) CO levels were 15.4+/-3.4 ppm in SFS and 28.5+/-5.7 ppm in TS kitchens with a mean difference of -13.1 (95% CI -29.5 and 3.2). The results indicate a trend favorable for SFS and suggest that a larger scale project should be undertaken to reach to a definitive conclusion, ideally using a longitudinal design. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: In order to enhance IAQ in kitchens in developing regions of the world stoves for burning of biomass should be constructed in a way that the emission of fuel gases are low. In this way the risk of negative health effects will be reduced.     

Composition of urban and rural aerosol samples collected in the Great Hungarian Plain

Urban and rural atmospheric aerosol samples have been collected simultaneously during 1997 in the Great Hungarian Plain. The elemental composition of the coarse and fine mode aerosol have been determined by the Proton-Induced X-ray Emission method. From the observed elemental concentrations, seasonal variations and variations with the wind sector distributions were found for separate elements. Principal component analyses gave four factors in urban aerosol, and three factors in the rural one. The order of the factors in the coarse mode aerosol is different from the order, found in the fine mode.     

农村劳动力转移的问题分析--以鄱阳湖生态经济区为例

本文在国内外相关理论研究及实践分析的基础上,设计调研问卷---《鄱阳湖生态经济区农村劳动力转移及城镇化建设》,通过对鄱阳湖生态经济区3个地市的6个县（市、区）9个乡（镇）76个自然村2000个样本的调研,分析鄱阳湖生态经济区农村劳动力转移过程中存在的问题。     

乡镇防灾计划建构之探讨——以台湾地区大里市与太平市为例

透过对台湾地区921地震重建经验的梳理,以及大里市与太平市两类乡镇型防灾计划的探讨,指出乡镇型防灾计划具有在＂镇＂与＂村＂两种模式的差异性,以及两者在防灾计划制定的重点,同时提出制定乡镇型防灾计划需要具有物、人、时、地四个主要思路的观点,最后总结我国小城镇防灾计划与《城乡规划法》相结合的重要性。